Dental engine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. O. REGISTER.

DENTAL ENGINE.

No. 875,834. Patented Jan S, 1888.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

H. O. REGISTER.

DENTAL ENGINE.

Patented Jan. 3, 1888.

H H I PETERS, Plmloihhogmphon wfl lr UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY O. REGISTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

DENTAL ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 375,834, dated January3, 1888.

Application filed May 27, 15!:7.

To (1% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY O. REGISTER, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDental, Surgical, or Mechanical Engines of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates in general to a class of devices which are wellknown in dentistry, and which also have application both in generalsurgical practice and in the mechanic arts.

My invention relates more specifically to and embodies certainimprovements upon an engine invented by me and patented to me under dateof June 21, 1887, in and by United States Letters Patent No. 365,098,towhich patent reference is to be made for a more thorough understandingof the features of improvement.

The object of my present invention is the construction of a dentalengine adapted to be driven either by pedal or other power, possessingexceptional flexibility, simple and durable in construction,self-sustaining when in use, although adapted to be disposed withinsmallcompass when not in use, and reversible, that is to say capable ofbeing operated with its arm fore-arm wrist and hand piece upon eitherside of the standard.

An engine embodying my improvement is represented in the accompanyingdrawings and described in this specification, the particular subjectmatter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View in perspective of a dental engineembodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, longitudinal,sectional detail of the jointorhinge in the arm, and of the ferruleoperating in connection with saidjoint. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sideelevational detail of a portion of the, upper member of the standard, ofthe pulley head, and of a portion of the arm, the carrier and itsapplied pair of pulleys nearest to the eye being, for clearerillustration, omitted. Fig. 4 is a central, vertical, sectionalelevation of portions of the upper member of the standard, liftingcollar, sliding yoke, and lifting rods. Fig. 5 is a side elevationalview partly in central longitudinal section, of the hand Serial 1Y0.239,516. (No model.)

piece and of the casing for containing the driving pulley of said handpiece. Fig. 6 is a perspective view ofthe casing for the driving pulleyof the hand piece, and ofa portion ofthe wrist piece to which saidcasing is connected, the casing being shown without the insertion oftheinclosing strip of metal, which is shown in place in Figs. 5 and 8. Fig.7 is a perspective view of the pulley easing of Fig. 6 turned at rightangles to the position which it occupies in said Fig. 6,whichillustrates the mode of insertion of the inclosing' strip of metal. Fig.8 is a central sectional plan of said pulley casing. Figs. 9 and 10 areedge views of two modified constructions of joints for connecting thearm and fore arm, and the fore-arm and wrist piece of the engine. Fig.11 is a vertical, central, sectional elevational view of the adjustingnut of the standard, portions of the upper and lower members ofsaidstandard being shown in elevation. Fig. 12 is a top plan view of thepulley head represented in Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre sponding parts.

In the drawings, Ais the standard, pedestal, or kindred support,provided with a pedaldriven band wheel aof any preferred constructionand mode ofapplication. The pedal b is fulcrumed considerably in advanceof its heel proper in the region of theinstep, and is provided with twoheel flanges, one h at the heel proper, and one h above the pivot at theinstep. By this construction, and according as the operators foot isplaced against the one or the other flange, the pedal can be used eitheras a treading or as an oscillatory pedal device, and the operator by thechange of motion be relieved of fatigue. The standard is, for thepurpose of its adjustment in length or height, preferably made in twoparts or members telescopically related, of which the lower isdesignated by the letter A and the upper by the letter A*. The uppermember A. fits within the lower member A, and is at its lower extremityscrew-threaded. The upper extrenr ity of thelower member is convenientlyformed with acylindric enlargement a orhead, adapted to be inclosedwithin an adjusting collar B, for convenient application made in twoparts adapted to be united together as represented in Fig. 11. The boreor interior of this collar ICO is conformed to fit the upper extremityta of the lower member of the standard, and also to closely embrace thethreaded lower extremity of the upper member A of said standard, itbeing internally at its throat threaded for engagement with saidthreaded upper member.

B is a lock nut upon the threaded portion of the upper member whichoperates to lock the adjusting collar B in any desired position. Theforegoing device is simply one of convenience for eftectuating thevertical adjustment of the standard, and taking the slack out of thedriving-cord N.

The upper member of the standard is provided with a standard head orpulley head A which may be of any preferred form, and which isconveniently of the form represented in Figs. 3and 12. This head isrotatable upon the standard, it being connected therewith by aswivelconnection a of any preferred construction. To this head is pivoted bythe pivot a the arm 0, which is of any desired length, and which at itsouter extremity is equipped with fore arm D,the union between said armand fore-arm being preferably but not necessarily by means of such ahinge or elbow joint as is shown in Fig. 9 and hereinafter described.The arm in proximity to its point of pivotal connection with thestandard head or pulley head A is formed with a joint or hinge c, Fig.2, which permits of the bending down of the arm at thejoint and intoparallelism with the standard, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Thisjoint or hinge c is rigidified at will by the application to the arm ofa movable joint ferrule 0 which ordinarily ineloses the joint as shownin Figs. 2 and 3, and which requires to be moved from off said jointbefore the latter becomes operative.

E E are a pair of pulley carriers applied, by means of the pivot pin 6which passes through the pulley head A'-,one upon each side of saidhead. Each of these carriers is provided with a pair of pulleys,respectively designated c c and 6 6*. Each carrier with its pair ofpulleys is capable of movement with respect to the pivot pin 0 withoutregard to the movement of the other carrier. In fact the entire deviceis, in effect, substantially such a jointapplied between the standardand the arm, as the joint described in my patent referred to and appliedbetween the forearm and the wristpiece. It will be observed that thepivot pin a by which the arm is pivoted to the standard head is centralwith respect to said standard head and in alignment above said standard,and this is to permit of the throwing or fiexure of the arm to eitherside of said standard, or, for instance, from the position which it isrepresented in full lines as occupying in Figs. 1 and 3, to the positionwhich itis represented in dotted lines as occupying in said figures. Thecarriers and their pulleys which are applied to the pulley head act toproperly present the driving cord with respect to said arm, whatever beits position.

In order to effect the lifting of the arm from and at their upperextremities passing through holes a formed through the pulley head. Theupper extremities of one or the other of these lifting rods comes belowthe inner extremity of the arm in propinquity to its pivot according assaid arm happens to be deflected to the one or the other side of thestandard, and the arm therefore rests upon one of said rods. From thisrelationship of parts it follows that, if the rods are lifted, the rodupon which the arm is resting will serve to raise said arm to an extentproportionate to its own lift or vertical movement, and that if the saidrod be maintained at a given height said arm will likewise be maintainedat a proportionate height or inclination.

The device to which I resort for raising and lowering the lifting rodsis a lifting collar G threaded upon the upper member of the standard andserving as an abutment, stop, or rest for the sliding yoke. Rotation ofthis collar causes its movement upon the standard and occasions,according to the direction of said movement, the lift or drop of theyoke and lifting rods.

GK is a lock nut applied to the collar G.

H is the wrist piece, or member pivoted to the outer extremity of theforearm, being preferably a solid arm, provided, if desired, with aswivel, and equipped at its outer extremity with a pulley casing K forcontaining the driving pulley J of the hand piece I, which latter is ofany preferred construction.

The joint between the arm and fore arm,and that between the fore-arm andwrist piece, are each equipped or provided witha pair of carriers eachcarrying a pair of pulleys which may be of the construction representedand described in my application for patent referred to, in which thepivot pin which unites the which the carriers applied to the jointbetween said members are mounted.

To describe more fully: Figs. 9 and 10 are supposed to represent twoslightly different modified constructions of the joint of my formerpatent-,in Fig. 9 which is preferably an elbowjoint, the arm 0 is notdirectly pivoted to the forearm D, but both the arm and forearm arepivoted to the respective extremities of a connecting piece L byseparate and independent pivots applied to the respective extremities ofsaid connecting piece, while the carriers M M respectively provided withthe pulleys an m and m m*, are pivoted upon the central carrier pivotpin I which passes through the connecting piece in a region intermediatebetween the pivots by which said piece is connected with the arm andfore-arm respectively. Thus again in Fig. 10, which is preferably awrist-joint, the fore-arm D is pivoted directly to the inner extremityof the wrist piece H, while the carriers are,by means of a separatepivot pin Z passing through the extremital front portion of the fore-armim mediately to the rear of the pivot pin connecting said forearm withthe wrist piece, pivoted directly to said fore-arm. Both of theseconstructions are simply designed to illustrate the application of thecarriers and their pulleys to ajoint for dental engine composed of twoarms or members pivoted together, when said carriers are not appliedupon the pivot pin uniting or joining said arms or members, and it isapparent that all. of the beneficial results which flow from the jointrepresented and described in my patent referred to, flow equally fromeither of the constructions above referred to.

The application of thejoint of Fig. 9 to the elbow of the engine enablesme to fold back the forearm upon the pulley head between two clips atthereon into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The pulley casing K for the driving pulley of the hand piece isconveniently of the form represented in Fig. 6, that is to say it iscomposed of two parallel disks to which the letters K are applied,permanently connected together by a short segmental web 70, and the saiddisks are each internallyperipherally pro- Vided with a circumferentialgroove terminating at one extre1nity-being that upon the left hand ofthe casing as shown'in Fig. 6, in an abrupt shoulder some short distancefrom the termination of the segmental web,and at the other extremityrunning out or through the edge of the disks, as shown at the right handside of said Fig. 6. Into these grooves is adapted to be entered, asshown in Fig. 7, a circumferential inclosing strip 79* of light metal,preferably slightly curved in section, and this strip is forcedcompletely around through the grooves 70* until the strip completes acircumferential web or wall to said disks as shown in Fig. 8, andcompletely incases the driving wheel of the hand piece except as to theextent of the openings 70", Fig. 8, through which the cord N passes.This casing with its strip in place constitutes a guard completelyenveloping the hand from the action of the driving pulley of the handpiece, and permits of the ready flatwise application or removal of thesaid driving pulley, as well as of the oiling of its bearings.

The operation of the drivingcord in passing over any one of the jointsabove described is precisely similar to the operation of the cord withrespect to the wrist joint described in my former application, and theflexibility of each joint is equally great.

Such being a description of a dental engine embodying my improvements,its operation will from the foregoing description be suffi cientlyunderstood, while its advantages will be apparent to those familiar withthe use of such engines as are now in the market. Suffice it to add thatthe engine when out of use can be folded to occupy but little space,while when in use the weight of the arm, fore arm,

.and wrist, is practically taken off the hand piece by the action of thelifting rods; while, again, the disposition of the pulleys applied tothe head, the elbow, and the wrist, is such that the driving cord fallsdirectly in line with the driving pulley of the hand piece and isinvariably properly presented both to said pulley and to thecompound-pulleys applied to each of the joints, so that apracticallyuniform tension without the liability of either slipping or binding issecured; while, finally, the application of the arm to the standard issuch that both the arm and all its connections from the elbow down canbe turned to either side of the standard and operated with equal effect,and without slackening or adjusting the cord, upon either side.

I am aware that the arm of a dental engine has been applied to thestandard in such manner as to permit of the free revolution of theflexible arm with respect to the standard, and

to such aconstruction,in which the complete throw or flexure of the armup into alignment with the standard before the subsequent dropping ofsaid arm upon either side of said standard into parallelism with it, isimpossible,I lay no claim; the pivotal application of the arm of myengine to the standard being such that the arm can be thrown up intovertical alignment with the standard, and then from such positiondropped to either side of said standard.

Having thus described my invention I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent:-

1. In a dental engine, the combination of a standard or kindred support,a rotatable pulley head provided with two pairs of pulleys, an armpivoted to said pulley head upon a pivot independent of the pivots ofthe pulleys and in line with the standard so as to be adapted to bethrown up into vertical alignment with said standard and fromsuch-position to be flexed to either side of said standard and head, ahand piece, and a single continuous endless driving cord, substantiallyas set forth.

2. In a dental engine, the combination ofa standard or kindred support,a pulley head applied to said standard or support,an arm pivoted to saidpulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of saidhead and standard, and two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleysand pivoted to said pulley head, substantially as set forth.

3. Ina dental engine, the combination with ICC a standard or kindredsupport, of a pulleyhead applied to said standard or support, an armpivoted to said pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to eitherside of said head and standard, and a lifting device applied to saidstandard and operative upon the arm for raising and lowering andmaintaining said arm in given positions, substantially as set forth.

4. In a dental engine, the combination with a standard or kindredsupport, of a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an armpivoted to said pulley head andI-adapted to be thrown or flexed toeither side of said head andstandard, two carriers each provided with apair of pulleys and pivoted to said pulley head, and a lifting deviceapplied to said standard for raising and lowering said arm,substantially as set forth.

5. In a dental engine, the combination of a standard or kindred support,a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted tosaid pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side ofsaid head or standard, apair of lifting rods vertically movable withrespect to said standard and head, and suitable means for occasioningthe lift or drop of said lifting rods, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

6. In a dental engine, the combination of a standard or kindred support,a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted tosaid pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side ofsaid head or standard, two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleysand pivoted to said pulley head, a pair of lifting rods verticallymovable with respect to said standard or head, and suitable means foroccasioning the lift or drop of said lifting rods, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

7. In a dental engine, the combination with a standard or kindredsupport, of a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an armpivoted to said pulley head adapted to be thrown or flexed to eitherside of said standard and head and provided with a joint in propinquityto its point of application to said pulley head, and a ferrule movableupon said arm to render said joint rigid at will, substantially as setforth.

8. Ajoint for a dental engine, composed of two arms or members pivotedtogether and of two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleys andpivoted upon a pivot pin distinct from that uniting said arms or membersbut adjacent thereto, substantially as set forth.

9. In combination with the hand piece of a dental engine, a pulleycasing for inelosing the driving pulley of said hand piece composed oftwo disks connected both with said hand piece and with the wrist pieceof the engine and having opposite peripheral grooves, and a strip ofmetal introduced into said grooves to form a segmental peripheral wallor web to said disks, as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have'hereunto signed my name this 2lth day ofMay, A. D. 1887. HENRY O. REGISTER. In presence of J. BONSALL TAYLOR,WM. 0. STRAW'BRIDGE.

